Showing posts with label Prayers for Mass. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Prayers for Mass. Show all posts

Saturday, November 8, 2008

Praying the Canon - II


As I have a fairly good grasp of the text in Latin of the Roman Canon, I can follow the priest's gestures and tell what he's praying and consider the words he's using as he prays.  This is what I do, if not singing, while the priest prays the Te igitur, Memento Domine, and Communicantes...

When "all orthodox and keepers of the catholic and apostolic faith" - that is, all bishops - are prayed for after the Pope, I tend to call to mind my old parish priest, now Bp Jarrett of Lismore, and also various other prelates of my acquaintance!  Of course, at the memento vivorum and memento defunctorum, I tend to call to mind those living and dead that I wish to pray for, as I expect everyone does.  (Dominican priests keep their hands joined for the whole of both Memento's, not just while pausing to remember whomsoever they wish, which I think is a good practice.)

At the Hanc igitur, my practice if in the pews is to bow (as the Dominican Rite bids the priest to do, following the earlier Roman practice) and say those words, praying the Lord to receive the sacrifice of our lives (cf. Rom. xii, 1) united to the Sacrifice of His Christ, praying for deliverance from damnation, to be numbered among the flock of the Good Shepherd.

In the Novus Ordo at the Epiclesis I usually would pray Jube, Domine, benedicere - Veni, Sancte Spiritus - Veni, Domine Jesu; but strangely enough I don't do this at the Traditional Mass, why I don't know.  I do at the Latin Mass think on the words of Consecration; at the Novus Ordo, I would sometimes add a silent Amen as the priest says them.  Or, as the Mozarabic Rite adds, I may pray in my heart, Sic credimus, Domine Jesu - "So I believe, Lord Jesus [that these words spoken have truly effected all they signify]."

Of course,  in my place as I kneel, I bow low at the Consecration and adore at the Elevation, praying as I posted earlier... and by my posture doing the same: as the priest genuflects, I bow myself down, and then as I look up at my God I make the saving sign of the Cross and strike my breast.  Who could do less?  (It must be added that when I serve Mass, I am of course not my own, and must fulfil my duty at this supreme moment by ringing the bell and lifting the priest's chasuble for him, while making my silent adoration, and of course bowing down when he consecrates and when genuflects, as is the custom.)

I honestly would prefer it if the priest could read the Canon and observe the Dominican and other mediæval rubrics, which I think help bring out the sentiment of the prayers:
  • to bow low at the Hanc igitur (as mentioned above), uniting one's frail mortal service of the Lord with the all-availing Sacrifice about to be rendered present, begging to win heaven and escape hell;
  • to extend one's arms in the form of the Cross at the Unde et memores, signalling with the body that the anamnesis of the Passion and death of Our Lord, the recalling of His mighty acts, is being carried out, and that remembering we offer the Divine Victim (the Theothyte) as our great oblation and sacrifice for the living and the dead;
  • to spread out one's hands over the consecrated elements, not at the Hanc igitur but at the Supra quæ propitio (as the very words suggest, "Upon the Which do Thou with a propitious and serene countenance deign to look", and as was commonly done in Germany throughout the middle ages);
  • to bow low, but with arms crossed (manibus cancellatis) at the Supplices te rogamus - again, as was the older Roman practice conserved by the Friars Preachers;
  • to bow to the Sacred Mysteries at the Little Elevation, which is done by the Dominicans also, but, very curiously, done by them in stead of making the actual elevation!
While it would be singular and odd to actually stretch out my arms crosswise after the Elevation, I certainly call this gesture to mind as I recall the great work of our redemption thus accomplished by Our Lord stretching out His arms to save us upon the bitter Rood.  Likewise I recall the erstwhile gesture made in divers places at the Supra quæ, and I do in fact bow myself arms crossed (if not serving of course -then I must observe a kneeling posture without oddities) at the Supplices te rogamus as I pray God may, receiving our Sacrifice at His heavenly altar, vouchsafe us (who dare come to communicate) every celestial benediction and grace.  Whether serving or not, I cross myself when the priest does at these words.

Having prayed the Memento etiam, I strike my breast (except if I'm serving - the server has long been forbidden to do so, by decision of the Sacred Congregation of Rites) when the priest lifts up his voice at the Nobis quoque peccatoribus, and run through the list of saints in my mind, praying that we may indeed have some part and fellowship with them, the Lord not counting our just deserts but granting us forgiveness.

I especially pray the incomparable doxology of the Canon, and bow (Dominican, again! and I've noticed Aaron when serving or being M.C. does the same) at omnis honor et gloria:

Per ip+sum, 
et cum ip+so, 
et in ip+so, 
est tibi Deo Patri + omnipotenti, 
in unitate Spiritus + Sancti, 
omnis honor et gloria, 
per omnia sæcula sæculorum.  
Amen.

Praying the Canon - the Sanctus & Benedictus

At Mass, I have as it were two manners of praying during the Canon, depending on whether or not the liturgy is sung.

If it is sung, then like as not I am in the choir: which means that I am busy well-nigh up until the Consecration and Elevation with chanting the Sanctus and Benedictus.  Even if I'm not one of the singers, however, I still attend primarily to these solemn words.

It seems obvious to me that, rather than seeing this music as somehow an obstacle to be ignored so as to focus on what Father is secretly saying at the altar, the clear intent of the Church is for us to mark and think on these words, so holy and great, bespeaking the awe and wonder we ought feel at the power of the Divine Majesty and at the blessed advent of the Eucharistic Christ.

The Preface, sung or said, praises God through Christ, and ends with a magnificent vision of all the angelic hosts worshipping in adoration - a feature of the Mass that goes back to Jewish liturgical prayers, and beyond that to the ecstatic vision of Isaias.  How then could we not be overwhelmed by those rolling phrases, the first of which I first give in their mediæval abbreviation:

+SCS+SCS+SCS+DÑS+DS+SBT+

Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus 
Dominus Deus Sabaoth:

Pleni sunt cæli et terra 
gloria tua:

Hosanna in excelsis.

The Sanctus is an evocation of our supereminent and transcendent God, hidden, mysterious, tremendous, dread, and fascinating.  He is the thrice-holy Lord God of Hosts; He is superlatively, exceedingly Holy, therefore utterly pure and wholly separated from all evil; His glory fills both heaven and earth - for as He says, "I live: and the glory of the Lord shall fill the universal world" (Num. xiv, 21); victory and power in the highest heaven is His for ever!  The threefold Sanctus moreover alludes to the most extraordinary mystery of God: that He is One in Trinity.  Were it not for Divine revelation, we could never have known or guessed this.

As does the priest, we ought best bow low as we kneel, bending down in bodily expression of humble adoration, and so hearken to the warning bell, three times ringing out in confirmation of the Sanctus, confessing that God is Holy and must be adored as the Terrible and Great, the Holy, full of power:

The Lord hath reigned, ... he that sitteth on the cherubims: let the earth be moved. 
The Lord is great in Sion, and high above all people. 
Let them give praise to thy great name: for it is terrible and holy: 

Exalt ye the Lord our God, and adore his footstool, for it is holy.

Exalt ye the Lord our God, and adore at his holy mountain: for the Lord our God is holy.  
(Ps 98:1-3,5,9)

Has it been noted that the text falls naturally into five lines, the first four able to be grouped into two, so that the syllables number 6, 8, 8, 5, and 7, or if gathered together 14, 13 and 7?  This parallels the structure of the ensuing Benedictus, which, to anticipate, has 7, 7, and 7, or rather again 14 and 7 syllables in its structure:

+Benedictus qui venit 
in nomine Domini.

Hosanna in excelsis.

Interestingly, the first Hosanna, though always sung and said as part of the Sanctus, in fact comes from the Benedictus - it is as it were a bridge between them.  If it were licit (I know of one English Mass setting that does this, albeit a rather oddly-tuned one by Deiss), it would bring out the structure of the Sanctus and Benedictus more fully, I contend, if the Hosanna were also inserted after the initial phrase of the Sanctus, to make it a second threefold repetition:

Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus
Dominus Deus Sabaoth:

(Hosanna in excelsis.)

Pleni sunt cæli et terra
gloria tua:

Hosanna in excelsis.

+Benedictus qui venit
in nomine Domini.

Hosanna in excelsis.

Here we see the argument and line of thought the Sanctus and Benedictus contains: firstly, that God is the Other, the utterly transcendent, supreme and Holy One; secondly, that, far from being haughtily withdrawn from His Creation, instead His power and majesty and glory fill all the heavens and the entire world (for in Him do we not live and move and have our being, and not otherwise? - Acts xvii, 28); thirdly, that to reunite His Creation most perfectly to Himself, He has sent His Son, the Holy, Blessed and Beloved One, to come in His Name and reconcile all things to God, by reconciling all in Himself by the instrumentality of His Cross.  In this way, God's victory over all things is shouted aloud to the heights above - recall that Hosanna originally meant "give victory now".

+Benedictus qui venit 
in nomine Domini.  

Hosanna in excelsis.

The Benedictus, then, focusses our minds on the truth so amazing, so divine, that the same Tripersonal God has willed to send the Second Person of the Godhead to take on our human nature and live amongst us, to preach the everlasting truths whereby alone we may find salvation, to die for us sinners as the one all-reconciling Sacrifice upon the gibbet of the Cross, to rise again and be for us evermore our true life and hope, and to come even unto our earthly altars, to be our meat and drink lest we should faint on the way to heaven, to abide with us all days even until the end of time: Christ Jesus our Lord and King and Redeemer.  

In a special manner, if the Mass be sung in polyphony or figured music rather than in plainchant, the Benedictus is usually sung separately from the Sanctus by reason of their greater length, and is placed after the Elevation.  In such a case, the Church rejoices with festal praise and casts all her care upon the Lord, calling us to these words that sum up all worship of our God and Christ: Blessed, blessed, blessed is He Who comes in the Name of the Lord!

With the priest, then, it is most fitting to make the sign of the saving Cross over our person at the word Benedictus, acknowledging that it is in Christ Crucified, the Blessed One Who was made a curse for us, that we have salvation.

Especially at the Consecration and the Elevation, the above lines of Psalm 98 instruct us in our religious duty:

Exalt ye the Lord our God, and adore his footstool, for it is holy.
Exalt ye the Lord our God, and adore at his holy mountain: for the Lord our God is holy.
(Ps 98:5,9)

As St Augustine taught, these lines refer to the worship we must pay to God's Incarnate Eucharistic presence on our earth: not only is it not sinful to adore Him, we would sin if we did not adore Him.

Saturday, January 19, 2008

Short Prayers for Mass

While in the past I was very strict about saying a long list of prayers before and after Mass, nowadays I'm more likely to say part of the Office (I've gone back to the '62 Breviary again, but for when my housemates and I say Lauds or Compline) as preparation or thanksgiving. But I do try and fit in some short prayers of my own, collects and such, cadged from various sources:


Before Mass - some or all of the following:


First, I salute and worship our Eucharistic Lord, with Whom I hope to be united in the Communion of the Mass (the last two collects are from the Paris Missal):


Ant. O sacrum convivium, in quo Christus sumitur, recolitur memoria passionis ejus, mens impletur gratia, et futurae gloriae nobis pignus datur.

V/. Panem de coelo praestitisti eis.
R/. Omne delectamentum in se habentem.

Oremus.

Deus, qui nobis, sub Sacramento mirabili passionis tuae memoriam reliquisti: tribue, quaesumus; ita nos Corporis et Sanguinis sacra mysteria venerari, ut redemptionis tuae fructum in nobis jugiter sentiamus. Qui vivis et regnas in saecula saeculorum.
R/. Amen.

Oremus.

Domine Jesu Christe, qui ex hoc mundo transiturus ad Patrem, Sacramentum Corporis et Sanguinis tui in alimentum simul et solatium Ecclesiae tradidisti, da nobis ut teipsum, quem nunc absconditum in mysterio veneramur, revelata facie in caelestia gloria mereamur contemplari. Qui vivis...

Oremus.

Praesta nobis, Domine, ad caeleste convivium invitatis, ut non detineamur circa terrestria, sed, curis saecularibus expediti, spiritales mensae tuae delicias toto mentis desiderio consectemur. Qui vivis...


Next (or sometimes aforetime, even before getting to church), I call on God the Holy Ghost, and ask that I be made fit to assist at the sacrifice by His Fire:


Ant. Veni, Sancte Spiritus, reple tuorum corda fidelium, et tui amoris in eis ignem accende.

V/. Emitte Spiritum tuum et creabuntur.
R/. Et renovabis faciem terrae.

Oremus.

Deus, cui omne cor patet, et omnis voluntas loquitur, et quem nullum latet secretum: purifica per infusionem Sancti Spiritus cogitationes + cordis nostri, ut te perfecte diligere, et digne laudare mereamur. Per Christum Dominum nostrum. R/. Amen.

Oremus.

Actiones nostras, quaesumus, Domine, aspirando praeveni, et adjuvando prosequere, ut cuncta nostra operatio a te semper incipiat, et per te coepta finiatur. Per...


I may add the following, or other forms, as time allow and devotion incline me:


Oremus.

Aures tuae pietatis, mitissime Deus, inclina precibus nostris, et gratia Sancti Spiritus illumina cor nostrum: ut tuis sacris mysteriis digne ministrare, teque aeterna caritate diligere mereamur. Per...

Oremus.

Conscientias nostras, quaesumus Domine, visitando purifica: ut veniens Dominus noster Jesus Christus, Filius tuus, paratam sibi in nobis inveniat mansionem. Qui tecum vivit et regnat in saecula saeculorum.
R/. Amen.


To prepare to assist at the one sacrifice of Christ, Head and members, of our High-Priest and Victim, and of the Church, I pray the following collect (again, from the Missale Parisiense), or at least the appended formula of intention:


Oremus.

Deus, qui magno misericordiae tuae munere, docuisti nos redemptionis nostrae sacrificium celebrare, sicut obtulit pontifex noster Jesus Christus in terris, da nobis, quaesumus, ut, sanctificati per oblationem Corporis et Sanguinis ejus, cum ipso mereamur in sempiternum consummari. Qui vivit et regnat...

Domine Jesu Christe, in unione illius divinae intentionis, qua ipse in ultima Caena, et in ara Crucis, sacrificium Corporis et Sanguinis tui Deo Patri obtulisti, hoc idem sacrificium ei offerre intendo, per manus sacerdotis tui. Complaceat sibi, O Jesu, in te, et per te propitius nobis sit in vitam aeternam. Amen.


Soon enough Mass begins... Venite, adoremus.