Showing posts with label St Elizabeth of Portugal. Show all posts
Showing posts with label St Elizabeth of Portugal. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 8, 2009

Eructavit cor meum verbum bonum

Spiritual aerobics: walking up and down and up and down and up and down the stairs here at home, reading Matins.  Told you I was crazy.

Because of time constraints, I usually say Matins (if at all) out of due order: before work, I say Lauds and Prime (asking for a blessing the day and my actions), perhaps fit in Terce and/or Sext at breaks, but in any case get them and None done by mid- to late-afternoon (I hope)... Vespers is said in the evening, then Compline to complete the day.  Or at least that is my general aim...

I must note that to me, Wednesday Matins are very beautiful because of their sublime (and not overly long) psalmody: Psalms 44 (Eructavit cor meum verbum bonum - a royal epithalamium, the song of David's love for his wife the queen, of God's love for Israel, of Jesus' love for His Mother, for His Church, for the Christian soul), 45 ("God is for us a refuge and strength"), 47 ("Great is the Lord and exceedingly to be praised"), 48 ("Hear this, all ye nations"), 49 ("The God of gods, the Lord, has spoken and summoned the earth") and 50 - the incomparable Miserere.  (Psalm 46, which would fit in the midst of these, is read at Lauds on Mondays - "All nations, clap your hands... psallite sapienter...")  Since to-day is the feast of a canonized queen who, widowed, took the habit as a holy religious, how fitting to sing Psalm 44 at the opening of her Office!

While my Latin is by no means perfect, I know these psalms well, having prayed them for many years in English in the modern Divine Office (let us say that some psalms aren't quite so well-recalled)...

Friends, such as Terra, prefer to pray the Benedictine Breviary, wherein Psalm 44 is instead the last of the twelve psalms at Monday Matins (or "Vigils"), while on Tuesdays at Matins the following psalms are prayed: the six Psalms 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51 in the First Nocturn, and another six, Psalms 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58 in the Second Nocturn.  Phew!  (And Psalm 50 makes its appearance as the second psalm daily at Lauds.)  

It is considered that St Benedict based his arrangement of the weekly cursus of psalms on that then current at Rome, making various changes here and there, while the Roman arrangement endured until the minor reform of St Pius V (who removed Psalms 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 from Sunday Prime, and redistributed them among the other weekdays - until his day, Sunday Prime had nine psalms!) and the major reform of St Pius X (who decreed that each psalm - with the exception of the Venite, Psalm 94, and at penitential times the Miserere, Psalm 50 - was to be assigned but one Hour at week at which it was to be said, thus cutting back substantially on the length of the Office). 

Before 1912, the Roman Breviary, too, had twelve psalms at Matins - this number allegedly goes back to the Egyptian Fathers of the Desert, who received a response from an angel to their question of the proper number of psalms for the night office.  To this day, their lineal descendants, the Copts, pray in their Office an astonishing number of psalms every day, but they have a cheeky way of speeding up their devotions: one monk says the first of the psalms appointed, another the second, and so on - all together saying their respective psalms at once!

Whatever of this, the psalms for Wednesday Matins in the 1962 Breviary were previously included in the twelve said at Tuesday Matins until 1912: Psalms 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, and 51 - for Psalm 50 was instead said every day at ferial Lauds (and when this happens in the 1962 Breviary on Wednesdays, as in Lent, Psalm 50 is dropped from that day's Matins).

St Elizabeth of Portugal

To-day Holy Mother Church bids us venerate a Queen and Widow, a peacemaker; not she who is Queen of Queens and yes, wonderful to say, Widow of St Joseph, her well-beloved spouse, and moreover Immaculate Virgin Mother of He Who Is our Peace, but a dear spiritual daughter of Our Lady, to whom she appeared to forewarn her of her death: that is to say, St Elizabeth of Portugal (or, of Aragon), "the Peacemaker".  (Her great-aunt and namesake is St Elizabeth of Hungary; however, in Spain and Portugal she is known as Isabel, Elizabeth not being a common Iberian name.)

The Breviary gives us the clue to why this St Elizabeth (1271-1336) deserves a universal cult among Christians: for her Office begins with a proper Invitatory - "Let us praise our God in the holy works of blessed Elizabeth".  Yes, as is proper for a widow, according to St Paul, she had "the witness of her good works" (I Tim. v, 10) and diligently "pursued every good work" (ibid.): her own special grace was the God-given ability to bring peace to warring parties among her royal relatives, over and above her perseverance in righteousness, prayer and alms-deeds.  Having since her youth prayed the whole Divine Office, and seeking after ever greater perfection, upon her husband's death she retired to a cloister of Poor Clares, but came forth therefrom, when already nigh unto death, to bring peace yet once more to her feuding relations.  "Blessed are the peacemakers, they shall be called children of God."  (St Matthew v, 9.)  At her death, she went to be with her heavenly Father, who called home His adopted daughter, a true sister of His Son.  It was for her bright-shining miracles, signifying this, the Lord's everlasting delight in her virtues, that, centuries later, Urban VIII wrote her name among those of the Saints.


Her true royalty derives not from her blue blood, but from God crowning her, so crowning His own gifts.  She rightly imitates her namesake the mother of the Baptist: we, her neighbours and kinsfolk in Christ, in the fellowship of the Saints, rejoice with her that God's mercy has been so magnified in her (cf. St Luke i, 58), for she and her dear husband King Denis, once a sinner but converted by her example, "were just before God, walking blamelessly in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord" (St Luke i, 6).  How is this possible to men?  Because the Holy Ghost dwells in the heart of the Christian, gracing and supernaturalizing, enabling us to fulfil the New Law of love.

The Hours of St Elizabeth provide selections from Proverbs xxxi, the pæan to the Valiant Woman, and also feature two proper hymns (well worth serious consideration, with verses like "...Blessed charity, able to place us in the ark of stars for all ages.."), plus a proper Collect - which reminds us to seek the one thing necessary, the Kingdom of God, over and above all other good things, which we ask in and through and because of Jesus Christ, our King and Lord:

Clementissime Deus, qui beatam Elisabeth reginam, inter ceteras egregias dotes, bellici furori sedandi prærogativa decorasti: da nobis, ejus intercessione: post mortalis vitæ, quam suppliciter petimus, ad æterna gaudia pervenire.  Per...

(Most clement God, Who beautified blessed Elizabeth the Queen, amongst other illustrious endowments, with the prerogative of calming warlike fury: give to us, at her intercession, what we suppliantly entreat: to come to eternal joys after this mortal life.  Through...)

[This is, I think, a beautiful prayer: note the regal terms "Queen" and [royal] "prerogative", the feminine terms "beautified" and "dowries"...]